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As part of the process of implementing the poverty reduction Paper
(PRSP), the government of Kenya, with the support of the Social Policy
Advisory Services project of the German Technical Cooperation, GTZ,
undertook a study on citizen monitoring using Citizen Report Cards
known as “CiReCa”. The lead agencies from the government’s side are
the Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS) and the Human Resources and
Social Services Department in the Ministry of Finance and Planning.
CiReCa is an innovative approach designed to exact public accountability by providing the users of various public services the opportunity to tell the service provider about the quality and satisfaction with. CiReCa is pioneering citizen monitoring initiative that generates a “report card” on public service –gathering systematic feedback from citizens on a variety of services to rate their quality and effectiveness at local and national levels. As a result it stimulates the improvement governance at all levels.
In terms of PRS indicators, CiReCa focuses on the outcome section of the
input-output-outcome-impact continuum (therefore collecting information
on the same type of indicators as participatory monitoring exercises,
addressing the frequently identified “missing middle” in terms of PRS
monitoring).
The purpose of CiReCa is to examine the issues raised in connection to
service delivery from a quantitative perspective and it:
- Provides a well-focused assessment of key public services, using
citizen feedback and direct observation of facilities.
- Provides key social indicators for different population subgroups
nation-wide and across regions.
- Creates database and benchmarks, which help measure the progress
and performance of these services over time.
- Stimulates public debates on critical issues affecting users of public
services.
Methodology and Approach: CiReCa is designed to complement both
quantitative (Welfare Monitoring Surveys, Household budget) and qualitative
(Kenya Participatory Impact Monitoring) and other related tools. It is to
be implemented annually. The CiReCa is one of the many components of
Kenya’s overall monitoring package of PRSP.
CiReCa draws extensively from marketing research practices of conducting client satisfaction surveys, past household survey experiences (WMSs, Households Budgets) as well as recent developments in data entry and
processing. Nonetheless, it requires little in terms of sophisticated equipment or training.
The CiReCa for PRS Monitoring: CiReCa focuses on beneficiaries and
non-beneficiaries of certain policies or programs. For example, assessing
the impact of an agricultural extension services could involve trying to
measure whether yields, and consequently agriculture incomes, have
improved. CiReCa focuses on simple indicators related among others on:
- Access,
- Usage, and
- Satisfaction
In addition CiReCa also collects indicators related to household well being, such as percent of poor and non-poor reporting increasing or decreasing in ownership of land, housing and other assets, type of housing facilities, quality of water and literacy rates.
The results or output of the study are presented in simple tables and
charts and they present access, usage and satisfaction indicators
disaggregated by socioeconomic subgroups and by location.
In basic education, access indicators include distance to school from the
village; usage include enrolment rates; and satisfaction indicators is based on a series of opinion questions which determine household rating of the quality of services provided this year compared to few years ago.
Table 1: Example of a household identification data sheet
(click inside to enlarge)
Table 2: Example of personal data sheet
(click inside to enlarge)
Table 3: Example of poverty status data sheet
(click inside to enlarge)
Table 4: Example of health services data sheet
(click inside to enlarge)
Table 5: Example of education data sheet
(click inside to enlarge)
Table 6: Example water sector data sheet
(click inside to enlarge)
Table 7: Example extension service data sheet
(click inside to enlarge)
Table 8: Example credit services data sheet
(click inside to enlarge)
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